2025 – HFSLHCD Key Testing of LHCD Physics and CD

HFSLHCD Key Testing of LHCD Physics and CD

2025 Research Campaign, Thrust: High Field Side LHCD

Purpose of Experiment

LHCD current drive in the lower hybrid range of frequencies is a proven current drive tool for fusion plasmas, and promising current profile control tool for FPP. For the first time the LHCD is launched from the high field side, a new physics approach that will be investigated. HFS LHCD will allow non inductive q profile control for AT scenario development shots without fueling or significant torque. The HFS LHCD System launcher centerpost placement is expected to improve wave accessibility and penetration while reducing plasma interaction issues and associated coupler damage due to plasma. The installation of the new MW-level system at DIII-D enables the first experiments of this technology where full single-pass absorption is expected. The HFS LHCD system on DIII-D consists of eight 250 kW klystrons, eight rectangular waveguide transmission lines, and eight waveguide coupler modules. The purpose of the experiment is key testing of the physics of the High Field Side (HFS) Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD) on DIII-D and measurement of the current drive after the LHCD system was commissioned so it can reliably handle the RF power at 4.6 GHz launched into the plasma.

Experimental Approach

The key elements of the physics of the lower hybrid launch from HFS like the wave propagation and absorption in plasma with low field side launch, and the LH current drive in the DIII-D plasmas will be tested once the system was commissioned to high power long pulse, and the operational assessment was completed. FY25 commissioning into plasma is expected to be completed in preparation for this experiment and the RF pulse length and power into the plasma extended to values where the current drive is measurable. This activity will be monitored with diagnostics and interlocks to prevent failures and damage to the vessel or to the LHCD system. The LHCD system needs to be conditioned to 300 kW and a few hundreds of ms into the plasma during the commissioning experiment, and further increase in power and pulse length can be accomplished during the experiment proposed here. Increasing the LH power into the plasma to 600 kW for more than 300 ms will facilitate both exploitation as a current drive source and enable key testing of the LHCD physics. The experiment is part of the effort to validate the modeling for LHCD HFS launch into the plasma. Dedicated diagnostics that were developed for the LHCD experiment on DIII-D will be used together with DIII-D standard diagnostics. While the risks associated with the HFS LHCD launch are expected to be mitigated during the completion of the earlier commissioning, the approach to increasing the power and pulse length for the present experiment in parallel with monitoring the impurity emission lines and other diagnostics will mitigate risks at higher power and pulse length. Development of the LHCD system to high power will be pursued with a sustained effort in startup, physics commissioning and piggyback time in FY25. The installation and conditioning of the new LHCD HFS MW-level system at DIII-D will enable the first demonstration of novel HFS LHCD launch and of coupler AM technology in reactor-relevant plasmas.

Interested in a behind-the-scenes look at DIII-D? Join us for a virtual OR in-person tour during Fusion Energy Week (May 5-9)! Sign up for a tour here.

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