2025 – DIII-D–WEST Similarity Experiments for High-Performance Long-Pulse Operation: H-mode Access and High Beta-N Sustainment

DIII-D–WEST Similarity Experiments for High-Performance Long-Pulse Operation: H-mode Access and High Beta-N Sustainment

2025 Research Campaign, Task Force: W Compatible Steady State Scenarios

Purpose of Experiment

Similarity experiments between DIII-D (USA) and WEST (France) aim to study the underlying physics of accessing high-fusion performance (with an edge transport barrier and high core ion temperature/pressure), which will be applied to long-pulse WEST machines with tungsten walls. DIII-D, an extremely well-diagnosed facility, is uniquely suited to address relevant physics questions (H-mode access and high N sustainment) for future applications with metallic walls. WEST has developed a sawtooth-free, long-pulse scenario with a hybrid-like q-profile (safety factor on-axis, qo slightly above unity), which has been maintained in L-mode edge up to 1337 seconds but with modest fusion performance. We aim to address the key question of how to further optimize fusion performance for long-pulse applications using direct WEST and DIII-D applications (considering that DIII-D will be equipped with a tungsten wall) with a vision for ITER operations and fusion power plant designs.

Experimental Approach

The overall approach involves developing similar plasma shapes and normalized plasma parameters. We will create similarity experiments between the two machines by matching plasma shape, equilibrium, q-profile, and core plasma normalized parameters/profiles such as toroidal beta , normalized ion Larmor radius at the sound speed , normalized collisionality *, q at 95% of the poloidal flux q95 and toroidal Mach numbers. Then, the proposal aims to scan plasma parameters such as H-mode access, high ion versus electron heating power, normalised beta, core radiation levels with core impurity injections [Turco et al., Nucl. Fusion 64 (2024) 076063], rotation, and plasma density. This will utilize the full capabilities of DIII-D’s heating and current drive mix, combined with a comprehensive set of diagnostics.

Interested in a behind-the-scenes look at DIII-D? Join us for a virtual tour during Fusion Energy Week (tour times: May 7 at 10am PDT, May 8 at 4pm PDT)! Sign up for a tour here.

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